1、什么是跨域问题
跨域，指的是浏览器不能执行其他网站的脚本。它是由浏览器的同源策略造成的，是浏览器施加的安全限制。
所谓同源是指，域名，协议，端口均相同，只要有一个不同，就是跨域。不明白没关系，举个栗子：
http://www.123.com/index.html 调用 http://www.123.com/server.php （非跨域）
http://www.123.com/index.html 调用 http://www.456.com/server.php （主域名不同:123/456，跨域）
http://abc.123.com/index.html 调用 http://def.123.com/server.php （子域名不同:abc/def，跨域）
http://www.123.com:8080/index.html 调用 http://www.123.com:8081/server.php （端口不同:8080/8081，跨域）
http://www.123.com/index.html 调用 https://www.123.com/server.php（协议不同:http/https，跨域）
请注意：localhost和127.0.0.1虽然都指向本机，但也属于跨域。
浏览器执行javascript脚本时，会检查这个脚本属于哪个页面，如果不是同源页面，就不会被执行。
2、springBoot解决跨域
1.1、对某个接口或者某个controller类解决跨域问题
1.1.1、在controller上添加@CrossOrigin注解
解决某个controller的跨域问题
@CrossOrigin(origins = "*", maxAge = 3600)
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {
@RequestMapping("/{id}")
public Account retrieve(@PathVariable Long id) {
// ...
}
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.DELETE, path = "/{id}")
public void remove(@PathVariable Long id) {
// ...
}
}origins ： 允许可访问的域列表
maxAge：准备响应前的缓存持续的最大时间（以秒为单位）。
1.1.2、在某个方法上添加@CrossOrigin注解
解决该方法的跨域问题
@CrossOrigin(maxAge = 3600)
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {
@CrossOrigin(allowedHeaders="*",methods={RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.OPTIONS,RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.DELETE,RequestMethod.HEAD,RequestMethod.PUT,RequestMethod.PATCH},ORIGINS="*")
@RequestMapping("/{id}")
public Account retrieve(@PathVariable Long id) {
// ...
}
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.DELETE, path = "/{id}")
public void remove(@PathVariable Long id) {
// ...
}
}1.2、增加WebMavConfigurer全局配置
给项目添加跨域的全局配置
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {
registry.addMapping("/**")
.allowedOrigins("*")
.allowCredentials(true)
.allowedMethods("GET", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS");
}
}1.3、使用filter来解决跨域
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter;
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
private CorsConfiguration buildConfig() {
CorsConfiguration corsConfiguration = new CorsConfiguration();
corsConfiguration.addAllowedOrigin("*");
corsConfiguration.setAllowCredentials(true);
corsConfiguration.addAllowedHeader("*");
corsConfiguration.addAllowedMethod("*");
return corsConfiguration;
}
@Bean
public CorsFilter corsFilter() {
UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", buildConfig());
return new CorsFilter(source);
}
}3、springcloud解决跨域
3.1、网关zuul解决跨域问题
3.1.1、在yml文件中配置的头部信息配置
zuul:
#需要忽略的头部信息，不在传播到其他服务
sensitive-headers: Access-Control-Allow-Origin
ignored-headers: Access-Control-Allow-Origin,H-APP-Id,Token,APPToken3.1.2、写全局配置CorsFilter
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
@Bean
public CorsFilter corsFilter() {
final UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
final CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration();
config.setAllowCredentials(true); // 允许cookies跨域
config.addAllowedOrigin("*");// #允许向该服务器提交请求的URI，*表示全部允许，在SpringMVC中，如果设成*，会自动转成当前请求头中的Origin
config.addAllowedHeader("*");// #允许访问的头信息,*表示全部
config.setMaxAge(18000L);// 预检请求的缓存时间（秒），即在这个时间段里，对于相同的跨域请求不会再预检了
config.addAllowedMethod("*");// 允许提交请求的方法，*表示全部允许
source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", config);
return new CorsFilter(source);
}
}或者直接将改方法写到启动类中也可以
3.2、getaway在yml中配置跨域
cloud:
globalcors:
cors-configurations:
'[/**]':
allowedHeaders: "*"
allowedOrigins: "*"
allowedMethods:
- GET
POST
DELETE
PUT
OPTION3.3、getaway添加CorsFilter拦截器
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.CorsUtils;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilter;
import org.springframework.web.server.WebFilterChain;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
import static org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration.ALL;
public class XXXApplication{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(XXXApplication.class, args);
}
private static final String MAX_AGE = "18000L";
@Bean
public WebFilter corsFilter() {
return (ServerWebExchange ctx, WebFilterChain chain) -> {
ServerHttpRequest request = ctx.getRequest();
if (!CorsUtils.isCorsRequest(request)) {
return chain.filter(ctx);
}
HttpHeaders requestHeaders = request.getHeaders();
ServerHttpResponse response = ctx.getResponse();
HttpMethod requestMethod = requestHeaders.getAccessControlRequestMethod();
HttpHeaders headers = response.getHeaders();
headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN, requestHeaders.getOrigin());
headers.addAll(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_HEADERS, requestHeaders.getAccessControlRequestHeaders());
if (requestMethod != null) {
headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_METHODS, requestMethod.name());
}
headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS, "true");
headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_EXPOSE_HEADERS, ALL);
headers.add(HttpHeaders.ACCESS_CONTROL_MAX_AGE, MAX_AGE);
if (request.getMethod() == HttpMethod.OPTIONS) {
response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.OK);
return Mono.empty();
}
return chain.filter(ctx);
};
}
}
